Invest In The Mutual Fund
There are thousands of mutual funds in India handling
thousands of crores of Rupees. Mutual funds are an investment tool that pools
money from several investors and invests it in company stocks, bonds,
government instruments, etc. in order to generate a profit for investors. This
profit may be paid out as dividends to investors (dividend plans) or reinvested
by the fund for capital appreciation (growth plan), There are many different
types of mutual funds based on various characteristic differences. Most mutual
funds try to diversify their investments into as many different companies and
industries as possible, and some invest in only specific industries and sectors
of the economy. Some funds aim for high-risk-high-reward strategies, while some
opt for low-risk-regular-income strategies.
How
do mutual funds work?
Different types of mutual funds operate slightly
differently from one another, but they all have some basic principles on which
they operate that define them as mutual funds. The most basic way in which
mutual funds operate is explained below:
1. An asset
management company (AMC)/fund house identifies a potential earning possibility
in the market and calculates the risk and potential reward involved in this
particular investment.
2. The AMC studies other related investment
opportunities that could boost the value of - or ensure the success of - the
main opportunity.
3. The fund manager working for the AMC picks and
chooses different investments in order to balance out the risk and total
earning potential - balancing the right high risk-high reward equities with
high safety-relatively consistent income securities.
4. All the details about the fund including risk
factors are well documented and presented to the industry body SEBI for
regulatory approval and to the public for consideration.
5. The fund scheme is made available to the public,
who then buy into the fund by purchasing fund units. The more fund units are
purchased, the larger the investment, and thus the greater the proportion of
potential income.
6. The investments are made and, depending on the
fund’s structure, the fund will either be passively or actively managed by a
fund manager.
7. Under the dividend option, declared dividends are
proportionally distributed amongst investors. Under the growth option,
dividends are reinvested for capital appreciation.
8. At the end
of the fund’s tenure, capital gains are paid out to the investors.
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